The worry is running deep in the parts of Kashmir and the rest of India that are in range of Pakistani weapons — and beyond them, too.

The India-administered region of Jammu and Kashmir has been under artillery bombardment by Pakistan since earlier this week. A broader swath of India, from Kashmir in the north to the desert towns of Jaisalmer and Bhuj in the west, are said to be within range of Pakistani drone and missile attacks.

In Poonch, in the India-governed part of Kashmir, six miles from the “line of control” with the Pakistani part, Narinder Singh, a retired school principal, said that 13 people had been killed since India launched Operation Sindoor, aimed at avenging the victims of the terrorist attack in Kashmir on April 22.

Pakistani shells have fallen on the Poonch district before, Mr. Singh said, but he noted, “This kind of shelling never has never taken place in Poonch town.” Five of his neighbors have been killed by shrapnel in the past three days, he added. “I don’t remember that kind of shelling even during the 1971 war.”

Mr. Singh said that the market in his town had closed and that very few people were in the streets. “Only some medical and grocery shops are open,” he said. By Friday though, the shelling had intensified again, he said, and so had the sense of fear. During the later bombardments, he added, “No one was killed, because people had moved to safer houses and learned better how to stay safe.”

Damage in Poonch on Thursday after Pakistani shelling.Credit…Channi Anand/Associated Press